Licorice(Glycyrrhiza glabra): Licorice is a traditional herbal remedy with an ancient history. Modern research has shown it to have effects upon the endocrine system and liver and other organs. Constituents of this herb, called triterpenes, are metabolized in the body into molecules that have a similar structure to the adrenal cortex hormones, which is possibly the basis for licorice's anti-inflammatory action.⁶⁶ Glycyrrhizin, a triterpene, inhibits liver cell injury caused by many chemicals and is used in the treatment of chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis, especially in Japan.⁶⁷ Glycyrrhizin inhibits the growth of several DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic acid) viruses, inactivating herpes simplex virus particles irreversibly.⁶⁸ Licorice is used as a treatment for peptic ulceration and gastritis, and can be used in the relief of abdominal colic. It is also used for bronchial problems such as bronchitis and coughs. There is a small possibility of affecting electrolyte balance with extended use of large doses of licorice. It can cause retention of sodium, thus raising blood pressure. The whole herb has constituents that counter this but it is best to avoid licorice in cases of hypertension or kidney disease, or during pregnancy.